Dr. Pettitt's Publications


  1. Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC, Lisse JR, Bennett PH. Development of retinopathy and proteinuria in relation to plasma glucose concentra¬tions in Pima Indians. Lancet. 1980;2:1050 2
  2. Bennett PH, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Lisse JR. The prognostic significance of the glucose tolerance test. In: Cumming IA, Funder JW, Mendelsohn FAO, eds. Endocrinology 1980. Amsterdam: Elsevier/North Holland Biomed. Press. 1980:711 4.
  3. Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC, Baird HR, Bennett PH. Gestational diabetes: Infant and maternal complications of pregnancy in relation to third trimester glucose tolerance in the Pima Indians. Diabetes Care. 1980;3:458 64.
  4. Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Savage PJ, Bennett PH. Diabetes incidence in Pima Indians: Contributions of obesity and parental diabetes. Am J Epidemiol. 1981;113:144 56.
  5. Williams RC, Knowler WC, Butler WJ, Pettitt DJ, Lisse JR, Bennett PH, Mann DL, Johnson AH, Terasaki PI. HLA A2 and type 2 (insulin independent) diabetes mellitus in Pima Indians: An association of allele frequency with age. Diabetologia. 1981;21:460 3.
  6. Knowler WC, Bennett PH, Pettitt DJ, Savage PJ. Obesity and diabetes in Pima Indians: The effects of parental diabetes on the relationship of obesity and the incidence of diabetes. In: Melish JS, Hanna J, Baba S, eds. Genetic Environmental Interaction in Diabetes Mellitus. Amsterdam: Elsevier North Holland. 1981:95 100.
  7. Knowler WC, Savage PJ, Nagulesparan M, Howard BV, Pettitt DJ, Lisse JR, Aronoff SL, Bennett PH. Obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus in the Pima Indians. In: Kobberling J, Tattersall R, eds. The Genetics of Diabetes Mellitus. London: Academic Press. 1982:243 50.
  8. Pettitt DJ, Lisse JR, Knowler WC, Bennett PH. Mortality as a function of obesity and diabetes mellitus. Am J Epidemiol. 1982;115:359 66.
  9. Bennett PH, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Carraher MJ, Vasquez B. Longitudinal studies of the development of diabetes in Pima Indians. In: Eschwege E, ed. Advances in Diabetes Epidemiology. Amsterdam: Elsevier Biomed. Press. 1982:65 74.
  10. Bennett PH, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Williams RC. The HLA system and its relation to the high prevalence and early age of onset of non insulin dependent diabetes (NIDDM) in the Pima Indians of Arizona. In: Mimura G, Baba S, Goto Y, Kobberling J, eds. Clinico genetic genesis of diabetes mellitus. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Pub. Co. 1982:125 30.
  11. Howard BV, Lisse JR, Knowler WC, Davis MP, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH. Diabetes and atherosclerosis in the Pima Indians. Mount Sinai J Med 1982;49:169 75.
  12. Pettitt DJ, Baird HR, Aleck KA, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Excessive obesity in offspring of Pima Indian women with diabetes during pregnancy. N Engl J Med. 1983;308:242 5.
  13. Rotwein PS, Chirgwin J, Province M, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Cordell B, Goodman HM, Permutt MA. Polymorphism in the 5' flanking region of the human insulin gene: A genetic marker for non insulin dependent diabetes. N Engl J Med. 1983;308:65 71.
  14. Aleck KA, Rosen L, Pettitt DJ, Boveington C, Bennett PH. Absence of intrauterine infection following Ross River virus infection during pregnancy. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1983;32:618 20.
  15. Ensroth AF, Mann DL, Johnson AH, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH. HLA and B lymphocyte alloantigens in Gila River Indians. Tissue Antigens. 1983;21:198 207.
  16. Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH, Williams RC. Diabetes mellitus in the Pima Indians: Genetic and evolutionary considerations. Am J Phys Anthrop. 1983;62:107 14.
  17. Kostyu DD, Stewart AD, Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC, Amos DB. Unusual HLA antigens in a North American Pima Indian population. In: Simons MJ, Tait BD, eds. Proceedings of the Second Asia and Oceania Histocompatibility Workshop Conference, 1981. Victoria, Australia: Immunopublishing. 1983:310 313.
  18. Howard BV, Davis MP, Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC, Bennett PH. Plasma and lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in the Pima Indians: Distributions differing from those of Caucasians. Circulation. 1983;68:714 24.
  19. Knowler WC, Carraher MJ, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH. Epidemiology of cholelithiasis in the Pima Indians. In: Capocaccia L, Ricci G, Angelico F, Angelico M, Attili AF, eds. Epidemiology and Prevention of Gallstone Disease. Lancaster: MTP Press Limited. 1984:15 22.
  20. Knowler WC, Carraher MJ, Pettitt DJ. Diabetes mellitus, obesity and cholelithiasis. In: Capocaccia L, Ricci G, Angelico F, Angelico M, Attili AF, eds. Epidemiology and Prevention of Gallstone Disease. Lancaster: MTP Press Limited. 1984:85 92.
  21. Bennett PH, Knowler WC, Baird HR, Butler WJ, Pettitt DJ, Reid JM. Diet and development of noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus: An epidemiological perspective. In: Pozza G, et al, eds. Diet, Diabetes, and Atherosclerosis. New York: Raven Press. 1984:109 119.
  22. Howard BV, Knowler WC, Vasquez B, Kennedy AL, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH. Plasma and lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride in the Pima Indian population: Comparison of diabetics and nondiabetics. Arteriosclerosis. 1984;4:462 71.
  23. Bennett PH, Bogardus C, Foley J, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ. Determinants and pathogenesis of non insulin dependent diabetes in the Pima Indians. In: Labrie F, Proulx L, eds. Endocrinology. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers. 1984:257 9.
  24. Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Vasquez B, Rotwein PS, Andreone TL, Permutt MA. Polymorphism in the 5' flanking region of the human insulin gene: Relationships with non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, glucose and insulin concentrations, and diabetes treatment in the Pima Indians. J Clin Invest. 1984;74:2129 35.
  25. Williams RC, Steinberg AG, Gershowitz H, Bennett PH, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Butler W, Baird R, Dowda Rea L, Burch TA, Morse HG, Smith CG. GM allotypes in Native Americans: Evidence for three distinct migrations across the Bering land bridge. Am J Phys Anthrop. 1985;66:1 19.
  26. Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH, Knowler WC, Baird HR, Aleck KA. Gestational diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance during pregnancy: Long-term effects on obesity and glucose tolerance in the offspring. Diabetes. 1985;34 (Suppl 2):119 22.
  27. Pettitt DJ. The Long-range impact of diabetes during pregnancy: The Pima Indian experience. IDF Bulletin. 1986;31:70-71.
  28. Williams RC, Steinberg AG, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ. Gm3;5,13,14 and stated-admixture: Independent estimates of admixture in American Indians. Am J Human Genetics. 1986;39:409-413.
  29. Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC, Bennett PH, Aleck KA, Baird HR. Obesity in offspring of diabetic Pima Indian women despite normal birthweight. Diabetes Care. 1987;10:76-80.
  30. Little RR, England JD, Wiedmeyer H-M, McKenzie EM, Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC, Goldstein DE. Relationship of glycosylated hemoglobin to oral glucose tolerance: Implications for diabetes screening. Diabetes. 1988;37:60-64.
  31. Nelson RG, Gohdes DM, Everhart JE, Hartner JA, Zwemer FL, Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC. Lower-extremity amputations in NIDDM: 12-year follow-up study in Pima Indians. Diabetes Care. 1988;11:8-16.
  32. Everhart JE, Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC, Rose FA, Bennett PH. Medial arterial calcification and its association with mortality and complications of diabetes. Diabetologia. 1988;31:16-23.
  33. Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH. Long-term outcome of infants of diabetic mothers. In: Reece EA, Coustan D, Eds. Diabetes Mellitus In Pregnancy: Principles and Practice. New York: Churchill Livingstone Inc. 1988. (Chapter 27: pp 559-571).
  34. Pettitt DJ, Aleck KA, Baird HR, Carraher MJ, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Congenital susceptibility to NIDDM: Role of intra¬uterine environment. Diabetes. 1988;37:622-628.
  35. Slaine KR, Bennett PH, Pettitt DJ. Long-term outlook for the offspring of the diabetic woman. In: Jovanovic L. Ed. Controversies in Diabetes and Pregnancy. New York: Springer-Verlag 1988. (Chapter 11: pp 172-189).
  36. Knowler WC, Williams RC, Pettitt DJ, Steinberg AG. Gm3;5,13,14 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An association in American Indians with genetic admixture. American J Human Genetics. 1988;43:520-526.
  37. del Puente A, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ Bennett PH. The incidence of rheumatoid arthritis is predicted by rheumatoid factor titer in a longitudinal population study. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 1988;31:1239-1244.
  38. Nelson RG, Pettitt DJ, Carraher MJ, Baird HR, Knowler WC. Effect of proteinuria on mortality in NIDDM. Diabetes. 1988;37:1499-1508.
  39. Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Lillioja S, and Nelson RG: Genetic and environmental factors in the development of diabetes mellitus in Pima Indians. In: Smith U, Eriksson S, Lindgärde F, eds: Genetic Susceptibility to Environmental Factors - a Challenge for Public Intervention. Almqvist and Wiksell International. Stockholm, 1988:67-74.
  40. Saad MF, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Nelson RG, Bennett PH. Transient impaired glucose tolerance in Pima Indians: Is it important? Brit Med J. 1988;297:1438-1441.
  41. Saad MF, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Nelson RG, Mott DM, Bennett PH. The natural history of impaired glucose tolerance in the Pima Indians. N Engl J Med 1988;319:1500-1506.
  42. Nelson RG, Newman JM, Knowler WC, Seivers ML, Kunzelman CL, Pettitt DJ, Moffett CD, Teutch SM, Bennett PH. Incidence of end-stage renal disease in type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in Pima Indians. Diabetologia 1988;31:730-736.
  43. Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC. Diabetes and obesity in the Pima Indians: a cross-generational vicious cycle. J Obesity and Weight Regulation 1988;7:61-75.
  44. Kunzelman CL, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH. Incidence of proteinuria in type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Pima Indians. Kidney International. 1989;35:681-687
  45. Nelson RG, Wolfe JA, Horton MB, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Proliferative retinopathy in NIDDM: Incidence and risk factors in Pima Indians. Diabetes 1989;38:435-440.
  46. del Puente A, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH. High incidence and prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in Pima Indians. Am J Epidemiol. 1989;129:1170-1178.
  47. Saad MF, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Nelson RG, Mott DM, Bennett PH. Sequential changes in serum insulin concentration during development of non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Lancet 1989;1:1356-1359.
  48. Nelson RG, Kunzelman CL, Pettitt DJ, Saad MF, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Albuminuria in type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance in Pima Indians. Diabetologia 1989;32:870-876.
  49. Bennett PH, Nelson RG, Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC. Risk factors for vascular complications of NIDDM. In: Alberti KGMM, Mazze RS, eds. Frontiers of Diabetes Research: Current Trends in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus. Amsterdam: Excerpta Medica, 1989. International Congress Series 859. Chapter 6. pp 89-99.
  50. Nelson RG, Sievers ML, Knowler WC, Swinburn BA, Pettitt DJ, Saad MF, Liebow IM, Howard BV, Bennett PH. Low incidence of fatal coronary heart disease in Pima Indians despite high prevalence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Circulation 1990;81:987-995.
  51. Saad MF, Kahn SE, Nelson RG, Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC, Schwartz MW, Kowalyk S, Bennett PH, Porte D. Disproportionately elevated proinsulin in Pima Indians with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrin Metab. 1990;70:1247-1253.
  52. Bennett, PH, Pettitt DJ, Saad MF, Bogardus C, Lillioja S, Knowler WC. Diabète non insulino-dépendant: Ce que nous ont appris les études réalisées parmi les Indiens Pimas. Colloque des XXXIèmes Journées Annuelles de Diabétologie de L'Hôtel-Dieu. Flammarion Medecine-Sciences, Paris 1990, pp 231-245.
  53. Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Saad MF, Bennett PH. Diabetes mellitus in the Pima Indians: incidence, risk factors and pathogenesis. Diabetes/Metabolism Reviews. 1990;6:1-27.
  54. Pettitt DJ, Saad MF, Bennett PH, Nelson RG, Knowler WC. Familial predisposition to renal disease in two generations of Pima Indians with type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia 1990;33:438-443.
  55. Nelson RG, Shlossman M, Budding LM, Pettitt DJ, Saad MF, Genco RJ, Knowler WC. Periodontal disease and NIDDM in Pima Indians. Diabetes Care 1990;13:836-840.
  56. Shlossman M, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Genco RJ. Type 2 diabetes and periodontal disease. J Am Dent Assoc. 1990;121:532-536.
  57. Saad MF, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Nelson RG, Mott DM, Bennett PH. Insulin and hypertension: relationship to obesity and glucose intolerance in Pima Indians. Diabetes 1990;39:1430-1435.
  58. Saad MF, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Nelson RG, Charles MA, Bennett PH. A two-step model for development of non-insulin-dependent diabetes. American Journal of Medicine 1991;90:229-235.
  59. Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Saad MF, Charles MA, Nelson RG, Howard BV, Bogardus C, Bennett PH. Obesity in the Pima Indians: its magnitude and relationship with diabetes. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1991;53:1543S-1551S.
  60. Nelson RG, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Saad MF, Charles MA, Bennett PH. Assessment of risk of overt nephropathy in diabetic patients from albumin excretion in untimed urine specimens. Arch Intern Med 1991;151:1761-1765.
  61. Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH, Saad MF, Charles MA, Nelson RG, Knowler WC. Abnormal glucose tolerance during pregnancy in Pima Indian women: long-term effects on the offspring. Diabetes 1991;40 (Suppl. 2):126-130.
  62. Saad MF, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Nelson RG, Bennett PH. The pathogenesis of non-insulin-dependent diabetes: lessons learned from longitudinal epidemiologic studies in Pima Indians. MGSD (Mediterranean Group for the Study of Diabetes) Bulletin 1991;4:14-17.
  63. Everhart JE, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Duration of obesity increases the incidence of NIDDM. Diabetes 1992;41:235-240.
  64. Pettitt DJ. Summary and Comment of: Silverman BL, Rizzo T, Green OC, Cho NH, Winter RJ, Ogata ES, Richards GE, Metzger BE. Long-term prospective evaluation of offspring of diabetic mothers (Diabetes 1991;40:(Suppl. 2):121-25) Diabetes Spectrum 1992;5:39-40.
  65. Williams RC, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Long JC, Rokala DA, Polesky HF, Hackenberg RA, Steinberg AG, Bennett PH. The magnitude and origin of European-American admixture in the Gila River Indian Community of Arizona: A union of genetics and demography. Am J Hum Genet 1992;51:101-110.
  66. Liu QZ, Knowler WC, Nelson RG, Saad MF, Charles MA, Liebow IM, Bennett PH, Pettitt DJ. Insulin treatment, endogenous insulin concentration, and ECG abnormalities in diabetic Pima Indians. Diabetes 1992;41:1141-1150.
  67. Price RA, Lunetta K, Ness R, Charles MA, Saad MF, Ravussin E, Bennett PH, Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC. Obesity in Pima Indians. Distribution characteristics and possible thresholds for genetic studies. Int J Obes 1992;16:851-857.
  68. Knowler WC, Saad MF, Pettitt DJ, Nelson RG, Bennett PH. Determinants of diabetes mellitus in the Pima Indians. Diabetes Care 1993;16 (Suppl 1):216-227.
  69. Pettitt DJ, Nelson RG, Saad MF, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Diabetes and obesity in the offspring of Pima Indian women with diabetes during pregnancy. Diabetes Care. 1993;16 (Suppl 1):310-314.
  70. Nelson RG, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Saad MF, Bennett PH. Diabetic kidney disease in Pima Indians. Diabetes Care. 1993;16 (Suppl 1):335-341.
  71. Grimaldi CH, Nelson RG, Pettitt DJ, Sampliner RE, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Increased mortality with gallstone disease: results of a 20-year population-based survey in Pima Indians. Annals of Internal Medicine. 1993;118:185-190.
  72. Charles MA, Pettitt DJ, Saad MF, Nelson RG, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Development of impaired glucose tolerance with or without weight gain. Diabetes Care. 1993;16:593-596.
  73. Pettitt DJ, Moll PP, Knowler WC, Mott DM, Nelson RG, Saad MF, Bennett PH, Kottke BA. Insulinemia in children at low and high risk of NIDDM. Diabetes Care. 1993;16:608-615.
  74. Williams RC, Chen S, McAuley JE, Richiardi P, D'Alfonso S, Mehra N, McCalmon RT, Tardif G, Strothman R, Knowler, WC, Pettitt, DJ. Antigen Society no. 106: HLA-B21, -B49, -B50, B4005(BN21), -B12, -B44, -B45. In Tsuji, et al, eds. HLA 1991, vol 1, Oxford University Press 1992, pp 305-307.
  75. Williams RC, Troup GM, Nelson JL, Kostyu DD, McAuley JE, Pettitt DJ, Knowler WE, Templin DW, Mickelson EM, Hansen JA, Hoy W. Report of the North American Indian Anthropology Section. In Tsuji, et al, eds. HLA 1991, vol 1, Oxford University Press 1992, pp 683-685.
  76. Liu QZ, Pettitt DJ, Hanson RL, Charles MA, Klein R, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Glycated haemoglobin, plasma glucose and diabetic retinopathy: cross-sectional and prospective analyses. Diabetologia 1993;36:428-432.
  77. Jacobsson LTH, Knowler WC, Pillemer S, Hanson RL, Pettitt DJ, Nelson RG, delPuente A, McCance DR, Charles MA, Bennett PH. Rheumatoid arthritis and mortality: a longitudinal study in Pima Indians. Arthritis and Rheumatism 1993;36:1045-1053.
  78. Kriska AM, LaPorte RE, Pettitt DJ, Charles MA, Nelson RG, Kuller LH, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. The association of physical activity with obesity, fat distribution and glucose intolerance in Pima Indians. Diabetologia 1993;36:863-869.
  79. Hanson RL, Nelson RG, McCance DR, Beart JA, Charles MA, Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC. Comparison of screening tests for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Arch Intern Med 1993;153:2133-2140.
  80. Nelson RG, Pettitt DJ, Baird HR, Charles MA, Liu QZ, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Pre-diabetic blood pressure predicts urinary albumin excretion after the onset of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in Pima Indians. Diabetologia 1993;36:998-1001.
  81. Nelson RG, Knowler WC, McCance DR, Sievers ML, Pettitt DJ, Charles MA, Hanson RL, Liu QZ, Bennett PH. Determinants of end-stage renal disease in Pima Indians with Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and proteinuria. Diabetologia 1993;36:1087-1093.
  82. Knowler WC, McCance DR, Nagi DK, Pettitt DJ. Epidemiological studies of the causes of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. in: Leslie RDG, ed: Causes of Diabetes: Genetic and Environmental Factors. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 1993. Chapter 11, pp 187-218.
  83. Price RA, Charles MA, Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC. Obesity in Pima Indians: large increases among post-World War II birth cohorts. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 1993;92:473-479.
  84. Little RR, England JD, Wiedmeyer HM, Madsen RW, Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC, Goldstein DE. Glycated haemoglobin predicts progression to diabetes mellitus in Pima Indians with impaired glucose tolerance. Diabetologia 1994;37:252-256.
  85. McCance DR, Pettitt DJ, Hanson RL, Jacobsson LTH, Knowler WC, Bennett PH. Birth weight and non-insulin-dependent diabetes: Thrifty genotype, Thrifty phenotype, or surviving small baby genotype? British Medical Journal 1994;308:942-945.
  86. Price RA, Charles MA, Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC. Obesity in Pima Indians: genetic segregation analyses of body mass index complicated by temporal increases in obesity. Human Biology 1994;66:251-274.
  87. Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC. Familial factors in diabetic nephropathy. in: Mogensen, CE (ed.) The Kidney and Hypertension in Diabetes Mellitus, Second Edition. 1994 Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston pp 27-35.
  88. Knowler WC, Nelson RG, Pettitt DJ. Diabetes, hypertension, and kidney disease in the Pima Indians compared with other populations. in: Mogensen, CE (ed.) The Kidney and Hypertension in Diabetes Mellitus, Second Edition. 1994 Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston pp 53-62.
  89. McCance DR, Hanson RL, Charles MA, Jacobsson LTH, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Comparison of tests for glycated haemoglobin and fasting and two hour plasma glucose concentrations as diagnostic methods for diabetes. British Medical Journal 1994;308:1323-1328.
    Letters to the editor, BMJ and Authors' reply. British Medical Journal 1994;309:537-538.
  90. McCance DR, Pettitt DJ, Hanson RL, Jacobsson LTH, Bennett PH, Knowler WC: Glucose, insulin concentrations and obesity in childhood and adolescence as predictors of NIDDM. Diabetologia 1994;37:617-623.
  91. Charles MA, Pettitt DJ, Hanson RL, Bennett PH, Saad MF, Liu QZ, Knowler WC. Familial and metabolic factors related to blood pressure in Pima Indian children. Am J Epidemiol 1994;140:123-131.
  92. Jacobsson LTH, Hanson RL, Knowler WC, Pillemer S, Pettitt DJ, McCance DR, Bennett PH. Decreasing incidence and prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in Pima Indians over a twenty-five-year period. Arthritis and Rheumatism 1994;37:1158-1165.
  93. Charles MA, Pettitt DJ, McCance DR, Hanson RL, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Gravidity, obesity and non-insulin-dependent diabetes among Pima Indian women. Am J Med 1994;97:250-255.
  94. Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH, Hanson RL, Narayan KMV, Knowler WC. Comparison of World Health Organization and National Diabetes Data Group procedures to detect abnormalities of glucose tolerance during pregnancy. Diabetes Care 1994;17:1264-1268.
  95. Jacobsson LTH, Knowler WC, Pillemer S, Hanson RL, Pettitt DJ, McCance DR, Bennett PH. A cross-sectional and longitudinal comparison of the Rome criteria for active disease (equivalent to the ARA 1958 criteria) and the 1987 ACR criteria for rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis and Rheumatism 1994;37:1479-1486.
  96. Nelson RG, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Hanson RL, Bennett PH. Incidence and determinants of elevated urinary albumin excretion in Pima Indians with NIDDM Diabetes care 1995;18: 182-187
  97. Nelson RG, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH. Histoire naturelle de la néphropathie dans le diabète non insulinodépendant: leçons tirées des indiens pima. in: Funck-Bretano JL, Bach J F, Kreis H, Grünfeld J-P. (eds) Actualités Néphrologiques Jean Hamburger, 1994: Flammarion, Paris, pp 143-154.-and-Nelson RG, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH. The natural history of renal disease in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: lessons from the Pima Indians. in: Grünfeld J-P, Bach J F, Kreis H, Maxwell MH. (eds) Advances in Nephrology, Vol 24, 1995, Mosby, St. Louis, pp 145-156.
  98. Williams RC, Jacobsson LTH, Knowler WC, del Puente A, Kostyu D, McAuley JE, Bennett PH, Pettitt DJ. Meta-analysis reveals association between most common class II haplotype in full- heritage Native Americans and rheumatoid arthritis. Human Immunology 1995;42:90-94.
  99. Nagi DK, Knowler WC, Charles MA, Liu QZ, Hanson RL, McCance DR, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH. Early and late insulin response as predictors of NIDDM in Pima Indians with impaired glucose tolerance. Diabetologia 1995;38:187-192
  100. McCance DR, Hanson RL, Pettitt DJ, Jacobsson LTH, Bennett PH, Bishop DT, Knowler WC. Diabetic nephropathy: a risk factor for diabetes mellitus in offspring. Diabetologia 1995;38:221-226.

    Letters to the editor, Diabetologia and Authors' reply. McCance DR, Hanson RL, Pettitt DJ, Jacobsson LTH, Bennett PH, Bishop DT, Knowler WC. Diabetologia 1995;38:1846-1847.
  101. Hanson RL, Narayan KMV, McCance DR, Pettitt DJ, Jacobsson LTH, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Rate of weight gain, weight fluctuation, and incidence of NIDDM. Diabetes 1995;44:261-266.
  102. Hanson RL, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH, Narayan KMV, Fernandes R, de Courten M, Knowler WC. Familial relationships between obesity and NIDDM. Diabetes 1995;44:418-422.
  103. Warne DK, Charles MA, Hanson RL, Jacobsson LTH, McCance DR, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ. Comparison of body size measurements as predictors of NIDDM in Pima Indians. Diabetes Care 1995;18:435-439.
  104. Sepehrnia B, Prezant TR, Rotter JI, Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC, Fischel-Ghodsian N. Screening for mtDNA diabetes mutations in Pima Indians with NIDDM. Am J Medical Genetics 1995;56:198-202.
  105. Knowler WC, Narayan KMV, Hanson RL, Nelson RG, Bennett PH, Tuomilehto J, Scherstén B, Pettitt DJ. Preventing non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Diabetes 1995;44:483-488.
  106. Hanson RL, McCance DR, Jacobsson LTH, Narayan KMV, Nelson RG, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. The U-shaped association between body mass index and mortality: relationship with weight gain in a Native American population. J Clin Epidemiol 1995;48:903-916.
  107. Hanson RL, Elston RC, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Segregation analysis of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Pima Indians: evidence for a major-gene effect. Am J Hum Genet 1995;57:160-170.
  108. McCance DR, Hanson RL, Charles MA, Jacobsson LTH, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Which test for diagnosing diabetes? Diabetes Care 1995;18:1042-1044.
  109. Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH. Long-term outcome of infants of diabetic mothers. In: Reece EA, Coustan D, Eds. Diabetes Mellitus In Pregnancy: Principles and Practice., Second Edition. New York: Churchill Livingstone Inc. 1995 (Chapter 25 p379-388).
  110. Nelson RG, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH. Kidney diseases in diabetes. in: Harris MI ed: Diabetes in America, 2nd ed: National Diabetes Data Group, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH Pub. No. 95-1468; 1995 pp 349-400.
  111. Nelson RG, Pettitt DJ, de Courten MP, Hanson RL, Knowler WC, Bennett PH. Parental hypertension and proteinuria in Pima Indians with NIDDM. Diabetologia; 1996;39:433-438.
  112. Hanson RL, Jacobsson LTH, McCance DR, Narayan KMV, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Weight fluctuation, mortality and vascular disease in Pima Indians. Int J Obesity 1996;20:463-471.
  113. Williams RC, Hanson RL, Pettitt DJ, Sievers ML, Nelson RG, Knowler WC. HLA*A2 confers mortality risk for cardiovascular disease in Pimans. Tissue Antigens 1996;47:188-193.
  114. Nelson RG, Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC, Bennett PH. Prediabetic blood pressure and familial predisposition to renal disease in Pima Indians with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J. Diabetes and its Complications. 1995;4:212-214.
  115. Nelson RG, McCance DR, Pettitt DJ. Foetal nutrition and the risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Pima Indians. Proc Nutr Soc New Zealand 1995;20:89-95.
  116. Pettitt DJ. Diabetes in subsequent generations. In: Dornhorst A, Hadden DR, Eds. Diabetes and Pregnancy: An International Approach to Diagnosis and Management, Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 1996:367-376.
  117. Narayan KMV, Pettitt DJ, Hanson RL, Bennett PH, Fernandes RJ, de Courten M, Rose FA, Knowler WC. Familial aggregation of medial arterial calcification in Pima Indians with and without diabetes. Diabetes Care 1996;19:968-971.
  118. Narayan KMV, Hanson RL, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. A two-step strategy for identification of high-risk subjects for a clinical trial of prevention of NIDDM. Diabetes Care 1996;19:972-978.
  119. Taylor GW, Burt BA, Becker MP, Genco RJ, Shlossman M, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ: Severe periodontitis and risk for poor glycemic control in subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Journal of Periodontology 1996;67:1085-1093.
  120. Tataranni PA, Pettitt D, Ravussin E. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry: inter-machine variability. Int J Obesity 1966;20:1048-1050.
  121. Pettitt DJ, Narayan KMV, Hanson RL, Knowler WC. Incidence of diabetes in women following impaired glucose tolerance in pregnancy is lower than following impaired glucose tolerance in the non-pregnant state. Diabetologia 1996;39:1334-1337.
  122. Nelson RG, Hanson RL, Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC, Bennett PH. Survival during renal replacement therapy for diabetic end-stage renal disease in Pima Indians. Diabetes Care 1996;19:1333-1337.
  123. Narayan KMV, Pettitt DJ. Glycosylated hemoglobin in Pregnancy. Diabetes Care 1996;19(letter):1455.
  124. de Courten MP, Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC. Hypertension in Pima Indians: prevalence and predictors. Public Health Reports 1996;111(suppl 2):40-43.
  125. Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC, Nelson RG. Familial factors in diabetic nephropathy. in: Mogensen, CE (ed.) The Kidney and Hypertension in Diabetes Mellitus, Third Edition. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston 1996:35-43.
  126. Knowler WC, Nelson RG, Pettitt DJ. Diabetes, hypertension, and kidney disease in the Pima Indians. In: Mogensen, CE (ed.) The Kidney and Hypertension in Diabetes Mellitus, Third Edition. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston 1996 75-84.
  127. Jacobsson LT, Nagi DK, Pillemer SR, Knowler WC, Hanson RL, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH. Low prevalences of chronic widespread pain and shoulder disorders among the Pima Indians. J Rheumatol 1996;23:907-909.
  128. Fagot-Campagna A, Narayan KMV, Hanson RL, Imperatore G, Howard BV, Nelson RG, Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC. Plasma lipoproteins and incidence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Pima Indians: protective effect of HDL cholesterol in women. Atherosclerosis 1997;128:113-119.
  129. Edelstein SL, Knowler WC, Bain RP, Andres R, Barrett-Connor EL, Dowse GK, Haffner SM, Pettitt DJ, Sorkin JD, Muller DC, Collins VR, Hamman RF. Predictors of progression from impaired glucose tolerance to NIDDM: an analysis of six prospective studies. Diabetes 1997;46:701-710.
  130. McCance DR, Hanson RL, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH, Hadden DR, Knowler WC. Diagnosing diabetes mellitus—do we need new criteria. Diabetologia 1997;40:247-255.
  131. Nagi DK, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH, Klein R, Knowler WC. Diabetic retinopathy assessed by fundus photography in Pima Indians with impaired glucose tolerance and NIDDM. Diabetic Medicine 1997;14:449-456.
  132. Pettitt DJ, Forman MR, Hanson RL, Knowler WC, Bennett PH. Breast feeding and incidence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Pima Indians. Lancet 1997;350:166-168.
    Pettitt DJ. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus & breast-feeding. Interview in: Roberson K, Ensuna J, Freytag T, Levy A, eds: Clinical Pearls 1997 with The Experts Speak. ITServices, Sacramento;1998: p 325.
  133. Cowan LD, Go OT, Howard BV, Devereux RB, Pettitt DJ, Fabsitz RR, Lee ET, Welty TK. Parity, postmenopausal estrogen use, and cardiovascular disease risk factors in American Indian Women: The Strong Heart Study. Journal of Women’s Health 1997;6:441-449.
  134. Odeleye OE, de Courten M, Pettitt DJ, Ravussin E. Fasting hyperinsulinemia is a predictor of increased body weight gain and obesity in Pima Indian Children. Diabetes 1997;46:1341-1345.
  135. Fagot-Campagna A, Hanson RL, Narayan KMV, Sievers ML, Pettitt DJ, Nelson RG, Knowler WC. Serum cholesterol and mortality rates in a Native American population with low cholesterol concentrations: a U-shaped association. Circulation 1997;96:1408-1415.
  136. Narayan KMV, Hanson RL, Smith CJ, Nelson RG, Gyenizse SB, Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC. Dietary calcium and blood pressure in a Native American population. J Am Col Nut 1998;17:59-64.
  137. Narayan KMV, Hoskin M, Kozak D, Kriska AM, Hanson RL, Pettitt DJ, Nagi DK, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Randomized clinical trial of lifestyle interventions in Pima Indians: a pilot study. Diabetic Medicine 1998;15:66-72.
  138. Roumain, J, Charles MA, de Courten MP, Hanson RL, Brodie TD, Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC. The relationship of menstrual irregularity to type 2 diabetes in Pima Indian women. Diabetes Care 1998;21:346-349.
  139. Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC. Long-term effects of the intrauterine environment, birth weight, and breast-feeding in Pima Indians. Diabetes Care 1998;21(suppl.2): B138-B141.
  140. Dabelea D, Hanson RL, Bennett PH, Roumain J, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ. Increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes in American Indian Children. Diabetologia 1998;41:904-910.
  141. Fagot-Campagna A, Nelson RG, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Robbins DC, Go O, Welty TK, Lee ET, Howard BV. Plasma lipoproteins and the incidence of abnormal excretion of albumin in diabetic American Indians: the Strong Heart Study. Diabetologia 1998;41:1002-1009.
  142. Salbe AD, Fontvieille AM, Pettitt DJ, Ravussin E. Maternal diabetes status does not influence energy expenditure or physical activity in 5-year old Pima Indian children. Diabetologic 1998;41:1157-1162.
  143. Pettitt DJ. Gestational diabetes mellitus: Who to test. How to test. Editorial Diabetes Care 1998;21:1789.
  144. Taylor GW, Burt BA, Becker MP, Genco RJ, Shlossman M, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ. Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and alveolar bone loss progression over 2 years. Journal of Periodontology 1998;69:76-83.
  145. Imperatore G, Hanson RL, Pettitt DJ, Kobes S, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Sib-pair linkage analysis for susceptibility genes for microvascular complications among Pima Indians with type 2 diabetes. Pima Diabetes Genes Group. Diabetes 1998;47:821-830.
  146. Hanson RL, Ehm MG, Pettitt DJ, Prochazka M, Thompson DB, Timberlake D, Foroud T, Kobes S, Baier L, Burns DK, Almasy L, Blangero J, Garvey WT, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. An autosomal genomic scan for loci linked to type II diabetes mellitus and body-mass index in Pima Indians. American Journal of Human Genetics 1998;63:1130-1138.
  147. Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC, Nelson RG. Familial factors in diabetic nephropathy. in: Mogensen, CE (ed.) The Kidney and Hypertension in Diabetes Mellitus, Fourth Edition. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston; 1998:pp 103-111.
  148. Knowler WC, Nelson RG, Pettitt DJ. Diabetes, hypertension, and kidney disease in the Pima Indians. in: Mogensen, CE (ed.) The Kidney and Hypertension in Diabetes Mellitus, Fourth Edition. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston; 1998:pp 141-150.
  149. Dabelea D, Pettitt DJ, Hanson Rl, Imperatore G, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Birth weight, type 2 diabetes, and insulin resistance in Pima Indian children and young adults. Diabetes Care 1999:22:944-950.
  150. Jovanovic L, Ilic S, Pettitt DJ, Hugo K, Gutierrez M, Bowsher RR, Bastyr EJ. Metabolic and immunologic effects of insulin lispro in gestational diabetes. Diabetes Care 1999;22:1422-1427.
  151. Dabelea D, Palmer JP, Bennett PH, Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC. Absence of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in Pima Indian children with diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia (letter) 1999;42:1265-1266.
  152. Dabelea D, Pettitt DJ, Jones KL, Arslanian S. Type 2 diabetes mellitus in minority children and adolescents: An emerging problem. In: Arslanian, S, editor, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America 1999;28:709-729.
  153. Hanson RL, Pratley RE, Bogardus C, Narayan KMV, Roumain JML, Imperatore G, Fagot-Campagna A, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Evaluation of simple indices of insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion for use in epidemiologic studies. American Journal of Epidemiology 2000;151:190-198.
  154. Dabelea, D, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ. Effect of diabetes in pregnancy on offspring: follow-up research in the Pima Indians. Journal of Maternal-Fetal Medicine 2000;9:83-88.
  155. Fagot-Campagna A, Pettitt DJ, Engelgau MM, Rios Burrows N, Geiss LS, Valdez R, Beckles GLA, Saaddine J, Gregg EW, Williamson DF, Narayan KMV. Type 2 diabetes among North American children and adolescents: an epidemiologic review and a public health perspective. J Pediatrics 2000;136:664-672.
  156. Ilic S, Jovanovic L, Pettitt DJ. Comparison of the effect of saturated and monounsaturated fat on postprandial plasma glucose and insulin concentration in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Am J Perinatol 1999;16:489-495.
  157. Imperatore G, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Kobes S, Bennett PH, Hanson RL. Segregation analysis of diabetic nephropathy in Pima Indians. Diabetes 2000;49:1049-1056.
  158. Jovanovic L, Pettitt DJ. Is gestational diabetes important, and worth screening for? In: Gill GV, Pickup JC, Williams G, (eds) Difficult Diabetes, Blackwell Science, Oxford. 2001;pp. 36-52.
  159. Dabelea D, Hanson RL, Lindsay RS, Pettitt DJ, Imperatore G, Gabir MM, Roumain J, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Intrauterine exposure to diabetes conveys risks for type 2 diabetes and obesity: a study of discordant sibships. Diabetes 2000;49:2208-2211.
  160. Imperatore G, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Kobes S, Fuller JH, Bennett PH, Hanson RL. A locus influencing total serum cholesterol on chromosome 19p: results from an autosomal genomic scan of serum lipid concentrations in Pima Indians. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology 2000;20:2651-2656.
  161. Pettitt DJ. The 75-g oral glucose tolerance test in pregnancy. Editorial Diabetes Care 2001;24:1129.
  162. Pettitt DJ, Jovanovic L. Birth weight as a predictor of type 2 diabetes mellitus: the U-shaped curve. Current Diabetes Reports 2001;1:78-81.
  163. Hanson RL, Imperatore G, Narayan KMV, Roumain J, Fagot-Campagna A, PettittDJ, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Family and genetic studies of indices of insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in the Pima Indians. Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews 2001;17:296-303.
  164. Dabelea D, Pettitt DJ. Intrauterine diabetic environment confers risks for type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity in the offspring, in addition to genetic susceptibility. Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism 2001;14:1085-1091.
  165. Gutierrez M, Jovanovic L, Pettitt DJ. Use of a nonmydriatic retinal camera to screen for diabetic retinopathy in a primary care setting. The Endocrinologist 2001;11:384-387.
  166. Jovanovic L, Pettitt DJ. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. JAMA 2001;286:2516-2518.
  167. Jacobsson LT, Turesson C, Hanson RL, Pillemer S, Sievers ML, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH, Knowler WC. Joint swelling as a predictor of death from cardiovascular disease in a population study of Pima Indians. Arhtritis Rheum. 2001;44:1170-1176.
  168. Narayan KMV, Nelson RG, Hanson RL, Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC. Non-Caucasian North American populations: Native Americans. In: Ekoe J-M, Zimmet P, Williams DRR, eds: The Epidemiology of Diabetes Mellitus: an International Perspective. New York, John Wiley and Sons. 2001.
  169. Svoboda AC, Pettitt DJ, Tillisch-Svoboda S, Jovanovic L, Morris P, Kell D, Lechago J, Li R. Metaplasia/dysplasia: the international comparative study of intestinal metaplasia/dysplasia at the gastroesophageal junction. In: Ohmann C, Clamp S. eds: A New Approach to Promote International Research Projects in Gastroenterology. Shaker Verlag. Aachen 2002; pp 76-85.
  170. Pettitt DJ, Ospina P, Kolaczynski JW, Jovanovic L. Comparison of an insulin analog, insulin aspart, and regular human insulin with no insulin in gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 2003;26:183-186.
  171. Giammattei J, Blix G, Marshak HH, Wollitzer AO, Pettitt DJ. Television watching and soft drink comsumption: association with obesity in 11-13 year old school children. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 2003;157:882-886.-and-
    Pettitt DJ, Wollitzer AO, Giammattei J, Marshak HH. Reply to letter to the editor. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 2004;158:290.
  172. Pettitt DJ, Giammattei J, Wollitzer AO, Jovanovic L. Glycohemoglobin (A1C) distribution in school children: results from a school-based screening program. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2004;65:45-49.
  173. Imperatore G, Pettitt DJ, Hanson RL, Knowler WC, Nelson RG. Familial factors in diabetic nephropathy. In: CE Mogensen, ed. The Kidney and Hypertension in Diabetes Mellitus. Sixth Edition. Taylor & Francis. London. 2004: pp 117-128.
  174. Knowler WC, Nelson RG, Pettitt DJ. Diabetes, hypertension, and kidney disease in the Pima Indians. In: CE Mogensen, ed. The Kidney and Hypertension in Diabetes Mellitus. Sixth Edition. Taylor & Francis. London. 2004: pp 857-869.
  175. Reboussin DM, Goff, Jr. DC, Lipkin EW, Herrington DM, Summerson J, Steffes M, Crouse, III RJ, Jovanovic L, Feinglos MN, Probstfield JL, Banerji MA, Pettitt DJ, Williamson J. The combination oral and nutritional treatment of late-onset diabetes mellitus (CONTROL DM) trial results. Diabetic Medicine 2004;21:1082-1089.
  176. The SEARCH Study Group. SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth: a multi-center study of the prevalence, incidence and classification of diabetes mellitus in youth. Controlled Clinical Trials 2004;25:458-471. [Pettitt DJ, Writing Group Chair]
  177. Pettitt DJ. Obesity and diabetes in the offspring of women with diabetes during pregnancy. The Journal of The Japanese Society of Diabetes & Pregnancy 2004;4:14-16.
  178. Jovanovic L, Giammattei J, Acquistapace M, Bornstein K, Sommermann E, Pettitt DJ. Efficacy comparison between preprandial and postprandial insulin aspart administration with dose adjustment for unpredictable meal size. Clinical Therapeutics 2004;26:1492-1497.
  179. Pettitt DJ, Wollitzer AO, Jovanovic L, He G, Ipp E. Decreasing the risk of diabetic retinopathy in a study of case management: The California Medi-Cal type 2 diabetes study. Diabetes Care 2005;28:2819-2822.
  180. Pettitt DJ, Jovanovic L. Low birth weight as a risk factor for gestational diabetes, diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance during pregnancy. Diabetes Care (In Press).
  181. Jovanovic L, Pettitt DJ. Treatment with insulin and its analogs in pregnancy complicated by diabetes. Diabetes Care (In Press).